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Inicio » Índice de gramáticaCLAUSES OF PURPOSE
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| Las subordinadas adverbiales finales (Adverbial clauses of purpose ) indican el propósito, la finalidad de la acción de la oración principal. |
| to + verb in infinitive | para + verbo en infinitivo (SOLO en oraciones AFIRMATIVAS e INTERROGATIVAS) |
|---|---|
| in order (not) to + verb in infinitive | para (no) + verbo en infinitivo |
| so as (not) to + verb in infinitive | para (no) + verbo en infinitivo |
| in order that + sentence | para que + oración |
| so (that) + sentence | para que + oración |
| so + adjective / adverb + that + sentence | tan + adjetivo / adverbio ... que + oración |
| lest + sentence (old fashioned) | por miedo a que + oración (anticuado) |
| for fear of + verb with -ing / noun | por miedo a + verbo / sustantivo |
| for fear that + sentence | por miedo a que + oración |
He called to / in order to / so as to remind me our meeting.
(Me llamó para recordarme nuestra reunión.)
Will he lend you any money to / in order to / so as to buy the tickets?
(¿Te dejará dinero para comprar las entradas?)
He shut the window in order not to / so as not to hear the noise of the street.
(Cerró la ventana para no oir el ruido de la calle.)
Da igual utilizar cualquiera de las formas en afirmativa o interrogativa (aunque in order to y so as to son más formales); sin embargo, en la forma negativa SÓLO se puede utilizar in order not to / so as not to: He came in quietly in order not to / so as not to wake the child. He is leaving the room in order not to / so as not to have a row. |
| for someone to do something | para que alguien haga algo |
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I've bought this watch for your father to fix it up.
(He traído este reloj para que tu padre lo arregle.)
Did she bring her results for us to finish the report?
(¿Ella trajo sus resultados para que nosotros acabáramos el informe?)
Aunque es igual que decir:
I've bought this watch so that / in order that your father will / can fix it up.
Did she bring her results so that / in order that we could finish the report?
| so that / in order that + sentence with "will / would / can / could" | para que + oración en subjuntivo |
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I light / am lighting / have lit / will light the fire so that / in order that the house won't be cold.
(Enciendo / he encendido / encenderé el fuego para que la casa no esté fría.)
I am giving / have given / will give her a key so that / in order that she can get into the flat at any time.
(Le doy / he dado / daré la llave para que pueda entrar en el piso en cualquier momento.)
I left the note on the pillow so that / in order that he would (could) find it.
(Dejé la nota encima de la almohada para que la viera / para que pudiera verla.)
| so + adjective / adverb + (that) + sentence | tan + adjetivo / adverbio + que + oración |
|---|
The bus was so fast (that) we were tewnty minutes early.
(El autobús era tan rápido que llegamos veinte minutos antes.)
He drove so fast (that) we were tewnty minutes early.
(Condujo tan rápido que llegamos veinte minutos antes.)
| lest + should + bare infinitive | por miedo a + oración |
|---|---|
| lest + bare infinitive | por miedo a + oración |
| Es una forma anticuada que se utiliza en lenguaje literario. Se puede utilizar indistintamente cualquiera de las dos formas. | |
I don't / didn't let him climb trees lest he (should) get injured.
(No le dejo / dejaba subirse a los árboles por miedo a que se haga daño.)
He doesn't / didn't come lest he (should) meet her.
(No viene / vino por miedo a encontrarse con ella.)
| for fear of + verb with -ing / noun | por miedo a + verbo / sustantivo |
|---|---|
| for fear (that)+ sentence | por miedo a que + oración |
He didn't ask the results for fear of having failed.
(No preguntó los resultados por miedo a haber suspendido.)
Did he not report them for fear of reprisals?
(¿No los denunció por miedo a represalias?)
For fear that I forgot it, I wrote it down.
(Por miedo a olvidarlo, lo apunté.)
for fear that For fear he forgot, Jim wrote it down. Pero: Lest I forgot, remind it to me. In case I forgot, remind it to me. |
